Circulatory System (Including Heart and Aortic Arches)
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Define double circulation. Give a comparative account of heart in reptiles, birds and mammals. (UPSC 2021, 20 Marks, )
डबल सर्कुलेशन को परिभाषित करें। सरीसृपों, पक्षियों और स्तनधारियों में हृदय का तुलनात्मक विवरण दें। (Define double circulation. Give a comparative account of heart in reptiles, birds and mammals.)Answer
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Give a comparative account of aortic arches in different vertebrates with suitable illustrations. (UPSC 2018, 15 Marks, )
विभिन्न कशेरुकियों में महाधमनी चापों का तुलनात्मक विवरण उपयुक्त चित्रों के साथ दें। (Give a comparative account of aortic arches in different vertebrates with suitable illustrations.)Answer
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With the help of labelled diagrams describe the embryonic disposition and modification of aortic arches in different vertebrates. (UPSC 2014, 20 Marks, )
लेबल वाले आरेखों की मदद से विभिन्न कशेरुकियों में महाधमनी चापों की भ्रूणीय स्थिति और संशोधन का वर्णन करें। (With the help of labelled diagrams describe the embryonic disposition and modification of aortic arches in different vertebrates.)Answer
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With the help of labelled diagrams describe the embryonic disposition and modification of aortic arches in different vertebrates. (UPSC 2014, 20 Marks, )
लेबल किए गए आरेखों की मदद से विभिन्न कशेरुकियों में महाधमनी चापों की भ्रूणीय स्थिति और संशोधन का वर्णन करें। (With the help of labelled diagrams describe the embryonic disposition and modification of aortic arches in different vertebrates.)Answer
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Enumerate the anatomical and physiological changes that occur in a venous heart during vertebrate evolution leading to emergence of heart with separate chambers for arterial and venous blood and a pacesetter mechanism. (UPSC 2012, 20 Marks, )
गणना करें कि कशेरुकी विकास के दौरान एक शिरापरक हृदय में कौन-कौन से शारीरिक और शारीरिक परिवर्तन होते हैं, जो धमनी और शिरापरक रक्त के लिए अलग-अलग कक्षों वाले हृदय और एक पेससेटर तंत्र के उद्भव की ओर ले जाते हैं। (Enumerate the anatomical and physiological changes that occur in a venous heart during vertebrate evolution leading to emergence of heart with separate chambers for arterial and venous blood and a pacesetter mechanism.)Enroll Now
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Compare the hearts of vertebrates and mode of circulation of blood with special reference to that in mammals. (UPSC 1999, 60 Marks, )
कशेरुकी प्राणियों के हृदय और रक्त परिसंचरण के तरीके की तुलना करें, विशेष रूप से स्तनधारियों में। (Compare the hearts of vertebrates and mode of circulation of blood with special reference to that in mammals.)Enroll Now